perennialN. America Native

Red Trillium

The Story

Plant Bio

Trillium erectum, commonly known as Red Trillium, is a perennial woodland plant distinguished by its three-petaled, deep red flowers and broad, ovate leaves that form a low growing clump.

This species is valued for its early spring bloom and its ability to thrive in shaded, moist woodland environments, making it a popular choice for naturalistic garden settings.

Uses & Benefits:

Adds early spring interest with elegant, three-petaled flowers in shaded gardens.

Prefers moist, rich soil, enhancing soil health and moisture retention.

Supports woodland pollinators and native ecosystems.

Essentials

At a Glance

Plant Type

Perennial

Height

12 inches

Width

8 inches

Light

Partial Sun, Shade

Zones

4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

Water

Requires consistently moist soil

Humidity

Prefers high humidity environments

Lifespan

Many years with proper care

Native To

Eastern North America

Toxicity

Moderately toxic if ingested

Bloom period

Mid-spring – Early summer

In flower about 3 months of the year

Planting

How to Grow

Choose a shaded spot with rich, moist soil.
Tuck seeds into soil with gentle pressure, keep moist for 6 weeks.
Mist cuttings regularly to maintain humidity.
Mulch with leaf litter to retain moisture.
Transplant young plants in early spring after threat of frost.
Fertilize with organic compost in early spring.

Pro Tip

Ensure consistent moisture and shade for best growth.

Keep It Thriving

Care Guide

Do

Water regularly to keep soil moist 🌱
Mulch to conserve moisture
Plant in shaded areas with rich soil
Fertilize with organic compost annually

Don't

Avoid dry or sunny locations ❌
Don’t overfertilize, which can harm roots
Do not disturb bulbs during dormancy

Seasonal Care Calendar

Task	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Mulch
Pest Check
Plant

Watch Out For

Pests & Diseases

Common Pests

Common Diseases

In the Garden

Landscape Uses & Companions

Landscape Uses

Shaded woodland gardenEarly spring borderNaturalized shady areas

Companion Plants

Foamflower Wild ginger Jack-in-the-pulpit Violet

Multiply

Propagation Methods

Good to Know

Common Questions

Red Trillium questions

What zones can Red Trillium grow in?

Red Trillium is hardy in USDA Zones 4–9. Inside that range it survives winter in the ground; outside it, grow it as an annual or a container plant you protect.

Is Red Trillium deer resistant?

Not reliably. Deer may browse Red Trillium, especially tender spring growth — plan on repellents or fencing where pressure is high.

When does Red Trillium bloom?

Red Trillium typically blooms in mid-spring through early summer. Exact timing shifts a week or two with your zone — Sow's bloom calendar maps it to your garden.

Does Red Trillium need full sun?

Red Trillium does best in part shade.