2 named cultivars

fern

Tsushima Holly Fern

The Story

Plant Bio

Polystichum tsus-simense, commonly known as the Tsushima Holly Fern or Korean Rock Fern, is a small, evergreen fern. It forms a dense, symmetrical clump of arching, dark green, bipinnate fronds with a somewhat stiff, leathery texture.

Distinctive for its compact size and finely-textured, glossy fronds. The stems (stipes) are covered in conspicuous blackish scales, providing a subtle contrast. It is highly valued for its adaptability to shade and use in small-scale plantings like rock gardens or containers.

Uses & Benefits:

Provides lush, evergreen foliage that adds texture and greenery year-round.

Thrives in shaded, moist environments where many plants struggle.

Supports local biodiversity by providing habitat for insects and small wildlife.

Essentials

At a Glance

Plant Type

Fern

Height

15 inches

Width

15 inches

Light

Partial Sun, Shade

Zones

6, 7, 8, 9

Water

Medium moisture, well-drained soil

Humidity

Prefers high humidity

Lifespan

Perennial

Native To

East Asia (Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan)

Toxicity

Non-toxic to humans and pets

Planting

How to Grow

Tuck spores or divisions into moist soil in spring.
Water regularly to keep soil consistently moist.
Mist fronds during dry spells for best health.
Place in shaded area with indirect light for optimal growth.
Mulch around base to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
Fertilize with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer in spring.

Pro Tip

Ensure consistent moisture and shaded location for best growth.

Keep It Thriving

Care Guide

Do

Keep soil moist but not waterlogged 🌱
Place in shaded or partly shaded areas
Mulch to retain soil moisture
Feed with balanced fertilizer in spring

Don't

Avoid direct, harsh sunlight ❌
Don’t let soil dry out completely
Avoid heavy, poorly drained soils
Don’t prune fronds in late fall

Seasonal Care Calendar

Task	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Divide
Fertilize
Mulch
Plant
Spring Cleanup

Watch Out For

Pests & Diseases

Common Pests

Common Diseases

In the Garden

Landscape Uses & Companions

Landscape Uses

Shade garden borderMoist woodland settingEvergreen backdrop

Companion Plants

Hostas Astilbes Heucheras Ferns Ligularia

Multiply

Propagation Methods

Good to Know

Common Questions

Tsushima Holly Fern questions

What zones can Tsushima Holly Fern grow in?

Tsushima Holly Fern is hardy in USDA Zones 6–9. Inside that range it survives winter in the ground; outside it, grow it as an annual or a container plant you protect.

Is Tsushima Holly Fern deer resistant?

Yes — Tsushima Holly Fern is rated deer-resistant. Deer typically pass it over, though extreme hunger can override any plant's defenses.

When does Tsushima Holly Fern bloom?

Tsushima Holly Fern typically blooms in early spring through early spring. Exact timing shifts a week or two with your zone — Sow's bloom calendar maps it to your garden.

Does Tsushima Holly Fern need full sun?

Tsushima Holly Fern does best in part shade.